Servlet containers, startup time

Last Updated on Vendredi, 15 juillet 2011 01:12 Written by Henri Gomez Vendredi, 15 juillet 2011 12:11

With the release of JBoss AS7, we see many comments around about the startup time of Application Servers.
Even if this appears marginal in real life (an application server is expected to run 24/24 7/7), there is area where startup time is still important like for developpers. In developpment phase, when you have to start/stop your server dozens of times by day, you need fastest start time as possible.

I conducted a very basic and simple test on my MacBook Pro, take various application servers and servlet containers and measure their startup time.

And in this days of Java 7 fever, try these servers with OpenJDK 7 (OS/X version).

Results on MacBook Pro – Core2Duo 2.66Ghz

all time in millisecondes

Remarks

Conclusions

Raw startup time data available here

Building Universal Apache Tomcat Native Library on OS/X

Last Updated on Jeudi, 1 décembre 2011 08:39 Written by Henri Gomez Mercredi, 13 juillet 2011 03:41

I recently notice that my Apache Tomcat running on OS/X 10.6.8 couldn’t use Apache Tomcat Native Library.

INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal
performance in production environments was not found on the
java.library.path:
.:/Library/Java/Extensions:/System/Library/Java/Extensions:/usr/lib/java
Jul 13, 2011 11:02:30 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init

After digging around and with the help of ASFer Mladen Turk, I figure my previous build was stick to 64bits mode only and I switched my JVM to 32bits mode using -d32.

The fix was then easy, just had to rebuild tomcat-native and asking OS/X gcc to produce both 32/64 bits model library using the following CLFAGS/APXSLDFLAGS.

CFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' APXSLDFLAGS='-arch i386-arch x86_64'

Here is a small script I’m using now to produce Apache Tomcat Native Library on OS/X.

curl http://mir2.ovh.net/ftp.apache.org/dist//tomcat/tomcat-connectors/native/1.1.20/source/tomcat-native-1.1.22-src.tar.gz -o tomcat-native-1.1.22-src.tar.gz
tar xvzf tomcat-native-1.1.22-src.tar.gz
cd tomcat-native-1.1.22-src/jni/native

CFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' APXSLDFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' ./configure --with-apr=/usr --with-ssl=/usr --with-java-home=/System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home
make clean
make

sudo cp .libs/libtcnative-1.0.1.22.dylib /usr/lib/java
sudo rm -f  /usr/lib/java/libtcnative-1.dylib
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/java/libtcnative-1.0.1.22.dylib /usr/lib/java/libtcnative-1.dylib

A note about Lion

If you get Java on Lion using the java command on terminal or via the Java Developer Package for Mac OS X 10.7, Java headers are not on the usual location and you could find them under /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/A/Headers

You should then update the configure command line like this :

CFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' APXSLDFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' ./configure --with-apr=/usr --with-ssl=/usr --with-java-home=/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/A/

Lion came with Xcode 4.1 and there is also an impact on linker side, libtcnative is now produced as libtcnative-1.0.dylib

Commands became so :

curl http://mir2.ovh.net/ftp.apache.org/dist//tomcat/tomcat-connectors/native/1.1.20/source/tomcat-native-1.1.22-src.tar.gz -o tomcat-native-1.1.22-src.tar.gz
tar xvzf tomcat-native-1.1.22-src.tar.gz
cd tomcat-native-1.1.22-src/jni/native

CFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' APXSLDFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64' ./configure --with-apr=/usr --with-ssl=/usr --with-java-home=/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/A/
make clean
make

sudo cp .libs/libtcnative-1.0.dylib /usr/lib/java
sudo rm -f  /usr/lib/java/libtcnative-1.dylib
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/java/libtcnative-1.0.dylib /usr/lib/java/libtcnative-1.dylib

OS/X – OpenJDK 6 vs Apple JDK 6

Last Updated on Lundi, 8 novembre 2010 11:58 Written by Henri Gomez Lundi, 8 novembre 2010 12:34

From finished building OpenJDK 6 on OS / X Snowleopard, I wanted to test just to see how he behaved towards the implementation of Apple.
I used a development version of MacPorts (see it trac) that appears very promising and got OpenJDK 1.6.0-b20.


openjdk version "1.6.0"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0-b20)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0-b16, mixed mode)


A Java application with GUI under OS/X – OpenJDK

First test was to launched a big application like Eclipse under OS/X with OpenJDK.
I selected OpenJDK 6 as default VM by adding the properties file in this eclipse.ini Eclipse.app / Contents / MacOS / eclipse.ini


-vm
/opt/local/share/java/openjdk6/bin/java


It worked pretty well :

A big thank you to SWT / Cocoa since there are still problems with AWT and OS / X

Speed and stability of OpenJDK

My test system is an Apple Mac Book Pro (MacBookPro5,1) with Intel Core 2 Duo 2.66Ghz and 4Gb DDR3 1067Mhz.

DaCapo Benchmarks

I do some tests with DaCapo 9.12-bach, discarding batik test, this one requiring a working AWT/Swing support .

Bench tests launched with -n X, ie (java -jar dacapo-9.12-bach.jar -n 10 pmd)

Some tests failed under OpenJDK 6, related on Tomcat / IO but as we can see in next section, Tomcat 6 or 7 worked with OpenJDK.

IO Benchs with ApacheBench and Tomcat6/7

Then I wanted to see the speed of the JVM under IO load and why I made a little stress test two well-known applications, Tomcat 6 and 7.
I used ApacheBench to request 1000000 time a simple URI (/examples/servlets/servlet/RequestInfoExample), with 100 concurrents clients.

ApacheBench and Tomcat were on the same machine, to avoid network bottleneck.
Activity Monitor show a CPU load of 120% for Java and 20% for ab

Here also OpenJDK 6 perform well even slighty better than Apple own implementation.

Apache 6.0.29 / Open JDK 6

Server Software: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 8080

Document Path: /examples/servlets/servlet/RequestInfoExample
Document Length: 715 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 62.456 seconds
Complete requests: 1000000
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Keep-Alive requests: 1000000
Total transferred: 868001736 bytes
HTML transferred: 715001430 bytes
Requests per second: 16011.35 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 6.246 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.062 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 13572.15 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 3
Processing: 0 6 3.1 6 123
Waiting: 0 6 3.1 6 123
Total: 0 6 3.1 6 123

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 6
66% 6
75% 7
80% 8
90% 9
95% 11
98% 13
99% 15
100% 123 (longest request)


Apache 7.0.4beta / Open JDK 6

Server Software: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 8080

Document Path: /examples/servlets/servlet/RequestInfoExample
Document Length: 683 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 70.360 seconds
Complete requests: 1000000
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Keep-Alive requests: 1000000
Total transferred: 855000855 bytes
HTML transferred: 683000683 bytes
Requests per second: 14212.64 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 7.036 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.070 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 11867.01 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 3
Processing: 0 7 6.6 6 379
Waiting: 0 7 6.6 6 379
Total: 0 7 6.6 6 379

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 6
66% 7
75% 8
80% 9
90% 11
95% 12
98% 14
99% 15
100% 379 (longest request)


Apache 6.0.29 / Apple JDK 6

Server Software: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 8080

Document Path: /examples/servlets/servlet/RequestInfoExample
Document Length: 715 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 63.082 seconds
Complete requests: 1000000
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Keep-Alive requests: 1000000
Total transferred: 868005208 bytes
HTML transferred: 715004290 bytes
Requests per second: 15852.36 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 6.308 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.063 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 13437.43 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 4
Processing: 0 6 3.0 6 125
Waiting: 0 6 3.0 6 125
Total: 0 6 3.0 6 125

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 6
66% 6
75% 7
80% 7
90% 9
95% 11
98% 13
99% 15
100% 125 (longest request)


Apache 7.0.4beta / Apple JDK 6

Server Software: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 8080

Document Path: /examples/servlets/servlet/RequestInfoExample
Document Length: 683 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 72.992 seconds
Complete requests: 1000000
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Keep-Alive requests: 1000000
Total transferred: 855067545 bytes
HTML transferred: 683053957 bytes
Requests per second: 13700.05 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 7.299 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.073 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 11439.91 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 6
Processing: 0 7 8.7 7 770
Waiting: 0 7 8.7 7 770
Total: 0 7 8.7 7 770

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 7
66% 8
75% 8
80% 9
90% 11
95% 12
98% 14
99% 16
100% 770 (longest request)


Conclusion

OpenJDK 6 appears very promising and Apple’s decision to suspend the maintenance of Java on its next OS / X will not be so bad.

Hoping now that porting AWT / Swing and Cocoa to appear quickly in the Project OpenJDK / BSD